The Dilemma of Political Involvement Among Muslim Theologians in Indonesia: Perspectives and Controversies

In Indonesia, the role of religion in politics has been a topic of interest since the fall of the New Order in 1998. Islamic religious elites, including scholars, preachers, and teachers, have varying views on political involvement. The blossoming of Islamic political parties post-1998 has brought these views to the forefront of Indonesia’s political scene.

The article highlights the diversity of opinions among religious elites regarding their participation in electoral politics. Some support direct political involvement, believing it offers a bigger impact than religious sermons. Others, however, prefer to keep a distance from politics, focusing on teaching and leading local religious schools.

The article also discusses the historical context of Islamic parties in Indonesia, from the involvement of parties like NU in the 1955 elections to the withdrawal of NU from formal politics in 1984. The differing views on the existence of Islamic parties and their role in promoting Islamic values are explored, with some advocating for political participation as a religious duty while others emphasize moral teachings over political expressions of Islam.

The piece delves into the views of specific religious elites, such as Ustaz Abdul Somad, who supports political power for its impact, and NU kyai Gus Bahauddin Nursalim, who argues for supporting Islamic parties. On the other hand, figures like Guru Muhammad Zaini Sekumpul and Ustaz Khalid Basalamah prefer to avoid formal politics, citing concerns about the intrusion of politics into the religious realm.

The article concludes by noting the significance of religious elites in Indonesian politics, as politicians seek their endorsements and support to mobilize voters. The divided nature of religious elites, based on religious orientations and approaches to politics, presents a complex landscape for political parties seeking to boost their Islamic legitimacy.

Overall, the article sheds light on the dilemma of political involvement among Muslim theologians in Indonesia, highlighting the diverse perspectives and roles of religious elites in the country’s political landscape.