Unpacking Gavin R. Ortlund’s Critique of Medieval Prayer: A Biblical Perspective

In a recent news story, theologian Gavin R. Ortlund’s argument regarding the role of Mary and the saints in medieval Christianity has sparked a debate among scholars and historians. Ortlund argues that the focus on Mary and the saints in medieval church practices drew attention away from Jesus, the central figure of Christianity. He also raises concerns about the concept of propitiation, suggesting that it may lead to a misunderstanding of the unique role of Jesus as the mediator between God and humanity.

However, Ortlund’s arguments have been challenged by other scholars, including Eamon Duffy, a specialist in medieval English history. Duffy’s research, particularly in his book “The Stripping of the Altars,” contradicts the notion that medieval Christians were not Christocentric. Duffy’s work highlights the deep devotion and piety of medieval Christians towards Jesus, as evidenced by their daily celebration of the Eucharist and their focus on imitating Christ.

Furthermore, historical evidence, such as wills and trusts left by medieval Christians, shows that they held a deep sense of their own unworthiness and a strong belief in the merits of Christ while also seeking the intercession of saints. This dual approach to salvation, relying on both the merits of Christ and the prayers of saints, was not seen as contradictory by medieval Christians but rather as complementary aspects of their faith.

Additionally, biblical examples, such as the intercession of Abraham and Moses on behalf of their people, and the persistent widow’s plea for justice, demonstrate the importance of intercessory prayer in the Judeo-Christian tradition. These examples show that God allows himself to be presented in a challenging light to encourage persistence and intercession in prayer.

Overall, the debate surrounding Ortlund’s arguments highlights the complexity of medieval Christian practices and the importance of understanding the historical and biblical context in which they took place. The role of Mary and the saints in medieval Christianity is not a deviation from Christocentricity but rather a reflection of the rich tapestry of beliefs and practices that characterized the faith of the time.